I. Project Site Selection
1. Owner's livestock scale and surrounding crop planting conditions
The supply of raw materials should be stable, and the collection of agricultural organic waste materials should comply with the following regulations:
(1) Livestock and poultry manure materials should be collected and used in a timely manner;
(2) For straw materials, a short-term straw storage area should be set up in or near the biogas station. The size of the straw storage area should be determined based on the amount of straw purchased and consumed.
If a biogas project with a daily output of 20,000 cubic meters is to be built, and mixed raw materials are to be fermented, sufficient raw materials should be available to meet the following conditions:
(1) The dairy farm has a stock of 5,000 or more cows;
(2) The pig farm has a stock of 10,000 or more pigs;
(3) The chicken farm has a stock of 100,000 or more chickens;
(4) The urban population is to be at least 1 million for the collection of food waste;
(5) About 250 tons of straw should be provided daily, and the planting area of straw-based crops should reach more than 45,000 mu;
2. Utilization and disposal of biogas fertilizer
For a biogas project with a daily output of 20,000 cubic meters, the annual output of biogas liquid organic fertilizer of this scale is about 200,000 tons, and the annual output of biogas residue organic fertilizer is about 40,000 tons. There should be enough planting land around the site to apply biogas fertilizer.
(1) Disposal and utilization of biogas liquid: the planting area of crops in the surrounding area should reach more than 20,000 mu;
(2) Sales and utilization of biogas residue: biogas residue is used to produce commercial organic fertilizer.
3. Owner's business ability
The owner should have been engaged in animal husbandry for more than 3 years and have accumulated a certain amount of business experience, a keen sense of the breeding industry, and be able to withstand the fluctuations of the breeding market to ensure the supply of fermentation raw materials and continuous operation of the project.
4. Owner's construction willingness
The main units and individuals of the project construction (breeding owners, agricultural planting base owners, etc.) should have an urgent need for project establishment, a strong willingness to carry out the construction project, high work enthusiasm, and take the initiative to contact, coordinate, and provide services.
5. Support policies of local governments
(1) Local governments should have relevant policies for agricultural waste utilization projects, such as county-wide promotion projects for manure resource utilization, organic fertilizer replacement for chemical fertilizer projects, high-standard farmland construction projects, and agricultural green breeding and recycling projects;
(3) The government provides approximately 150 mu of construction land;
(4) The government should provide the following conditions to ensure that the project can start, such as power supply, water supply, roads, and communications that meet the project construction requirements;
(5) The government should organize and coordinate the collection of raw materials such as crop straw and livestock and poultry manure in the surrounding areas. Controlling a stable source of materials is essential for the successful operation of the biogas project.
Livestock and poultry manure: Sign a manure supply agreement with surrounding farms;
Crop straw: In order to facilitate and stabilize the harvesting of corn straw, it is more desirable to help farmers harvest corn.
(6) Support policies for the comprehensive utilization of biogas residue and liquid organic fertilizers
II. Construction Site Selection
1. The site selection should comply with the overall planning of urban and rural construction and the following provisions
(1) It should be located on the leeward side of the dominant wind direction in residential areas throughout the year, away from residential areas, and meet the requirements of health and epidemic prevention;
(2) It should be close to the production area of the project's fermentation raw materials. Biogas plants for civilian use should select a reasonable site based on the distribution characteristics of the gas use area. Biogas plants for power generation and access to the grid should be close to power transmission lines;
(3) It should be located on a natural foundation with solid rock and soil and good impermeability, and should avoid areas with adverse geological conditions such as mountain torrents and landslides;
(4) It should have water supply and drainage, power supply conditions, and convenient external transportation;
(5) It should not be located in areas where overhead power lines cross;
(6) The fire protection distance between open-air process equipment in the biogas plant and buildings (structures) outside the station should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB 50016. 2.
It is necessary to investigate and understand the humanistic conditions, hydrological conditions, and meteorological conditions of the site.
(1) Geographical location, regional humanistic and social conditions, economic status, and development plans of the site.
(2) Temperature (average annual temperature, extreme maximum and minimum temperatures, and the highest and lowest monthly average temperatures in recent years).
(3) Humidity (average annual relative humidity, maximum relative humidity, and the average dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures and relative humidity of the three hottest months in recent years).
(4) Rainfall (annual rainfall, maximum number of consecutive rainy days, and maximum hourly rainfall).
(5) Wind (average wind speed, maximum wind speed, and maximum wind pressure in recent years, wind frequency, wind direction chart, and typhoon data).
(6) Average air pressure and altitude.
(7) 50-year and 100-year flood levels and waterlogging levels at the site.
(8) Maximum permafrost depth.
(9) Groundwater level. 3.
It is necessary to investigate and understand the technical and economic conditions of the location.
(1) The source of funds for the proposed biogas plant.
(2) The cost standards and supporting documents for construction site preparation fees (land acquisition and rental unit prices, demolition, compensation, and land use rights transfer fees).
(3) The adjustment documents on the quota of labor, machinery, and materials issued by the local municipal construction quota station.
(4) The preferential policies (taxes, etc.) that the project can enjoy.
(5) The salary level of construction and installation workers.
(6) Material prices: steel, sand, gravel, cement, cement products, commercial concrete.
(7) The power grid conditions in the area, the on-grid electricity price, and the heat load usage and heating price. The price of compressed natural gas and the price of pipeline natural gas.
(8) The market situation of biogas residue as an organic fertilizer source, including the market purchase price and the effect of its use.
(9) The degree of acceptance of farmers for the free use of biogas liquid as a common fertilizer.
(10) Analysis of the composition of livestock and poultry feed (mainly the content of metallic copper in livestock and poultry feed).
(11) Local water, electricity, and coal prices.
